Hydraulics is the science of transmitting force and/or motion through
the medium of a confined liquid. In a hydraulic device, power is transmitted by
pushing on a confined liquid. Figure 1-1 shows a simple hydraulic device. The
transfer of energy takes place because a quantity of liquid is subject to
pressure. To operate liquid-powered systems, the operator should have a
knowledge of the basic nature of liquids. This chapter covers the properties of
liquids and how they act under different conditions.
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